Movies Represent Storytelling at Its Best Essay

Symbolism, sounds, narrating capacity, incredible altering, genuine acting and inventive minds are for the most part actually consolidated to make a decent film. Motion pictures speak to narrating at its best. The author gives a content to the chief who deciphers it and makes a center group of experts that incorporates the cinematographer, the planner (and his group), the sound designer, the on-screen characters, and the supervisor. They make ï ¬ lms to engage, to communicate feeling, recount stories, convey messages, to dream, to envision, and it is all since they have an enthusiasm that drives them. Filmmaking requires some serious energy, tolerance, devotion, duty, and a comprehension of the procedure in its totality. On the off chance that ï ¬ lmmakers are arranged toward story and execution, they should figure out how to envision the account. The story must unfurl in the mind’s eye, as it is imagined and made. The ï ¬ lmmaker needs to see the film while the screenplay is being composed and during pre-creation before the cameras roll. (LoBrutto 2002) Matthew Vaughn made a pretend film which intimates that freaks are ordinary individuals that exist among us; and there were times during the film that the idea really entered my thoughts. Attributable to the way that, making a film is a most intricate aesthetic venture and that, film making is the main imaginative undertaking that incorporates the entirety of expressions of the human experience: composing, photography, painting, acting, music, move, and engineering; the producer must interpretation of the test of recounting to a story by means of picture and sound each time a film is made. (LoBrutto 2002) Storytelling A film is a story; it is as basic as that. Motion pictures are actually a class of craftsmanship that utilization different sorts of specialized blends of symbolism and sounds to recount stories. Be that as it may, how the story is told, frequently cause fictions to appear to be genuine, non-fictions become individual, dream seem reasonable and musicals, similar to Burlesque, http://youtu.be/9snF_LsF-OI venture into routine. There is continually something that watchers can identify with in films. In any case, â€Å"Movies are not, and are not intended to be, outlines for how to live our lives. They are, notwithstanding, impressions of lives.† (Goodykoontz, & Jacobs 2011) The story, X-Men: First Class, is about previous closeted freaks coming out and grasping their distinction. Be that as it may, the film started with a setting during the time of the holocaust when Magneto was a little fellow in Poland. The boy’s name was Erik Lehnsherr (later named Magneto). The story features parts of the oppression of Jews by the German Gustapo. The nearby shots of the numbers that were marked on the arms of the Jewish individuals in the inhumane imprisonment adjust the story to a genuine verifiable occasion. Those shots combined with the boy’s commanding partition from his mom help to validate and set the director’s endeavor at the real world. His indignation and anger at the partition set off his freak intensity of attraction that made him tear the metal fence that remained among himself and his mom. The Gustapo commander’s name was Schmidt (later Sebastian Shaw). It was he who shot and executed Erik’s mother without blinking, before the kid; coming about in Erik’s freak intensity of attraction being activated and amplified during his resulting furious upheaval. Sebastian Shaw killed the boy’s mother since he needed to see a show of the boyâ€⠄¢s freak powers. Strategic, Shaw needed to prepare and tackle Erik’s freak capacity to utilize it as a weapon. Then again, Charles Xavier was a splendid scholastic who is of nobility stock. As we saw it when he was a kid, he had the intensity of clairvoyance. He likewise had the capacity to guess and control different people’s thoughts. In the start of the film, Charles was very conspicuous and unashamed in regards to guessing people’s thoughts without their consent similar to the situation when he was talking the lady at the bar, before Raven intruded. He turned into a CIA specialist on people with freak capacities afterwards he and Erik (who turned into his dear companion) enrolled, prepared and shaped X-Men: First Class an office inside the CIA. The two men, Charles and Erik shaped an alliance of freaks to battle against the plans of the fiendishness Sebastian Shaw. There were likewise minor storylines about relational connections and the mutants’ individual frailties a s it identified with individual acknowledgment. In general the storyline of a Jew’s vengeance against his previous Gustapo torturers was acceptable; retribution for this situation was sweet. Acting Entertainers are the most noticeable components in a film. The entertainers †¦. In X-Men: First Class There was special case and character entertainers however there were no star on-screen characters (with the exception of Hugh Jackman’s one clasp appearance when he utilized the f word). The acting was unremarkable on the grounds that now and again it didn't seem to be being regular. It had all the earmarks of being acting, more the sort for a phase creation than for the film. In any case, in the event that I should think about the two primary characters; Michael Fassbender worked admirably of depicting Erik’s outrage, misfortune and hurt that he endured experiencing childhood in a death camp. McAvoy in Charles’ character then again, didn't have a lot of negative understanding to work with and his character seemed to be Erik’s exhausting clairvoyant side-kick. Kevin Bacon did equity to Sebastian Shaw’s character. Except for Raven, different on- screen characters were not so much given a lot of screen time. There were numerous entertainers however very little strong acting, in spite of the fact that there was a ton of activity. Cinematography The chief of cinematography’s work is to take the director’s perspective on how the film should look and help the executive to get the shots that he needs with thoughts on camera edges, sorts of cameras, and lighting proposals that will best serve the executive in getting the kind of feel he asks for from every scene in the film. (Goodykoontz, & Jacobs 2011). The cinematographer is explicitly answerable for its look, in quite certain, shot-by-shot terms. The individual in question is answerable for the pictures that the camera sees, and by augmentation the pictures that the crowd will find in the completed film. . Cinematography implies â€Å"writing with movement.† (Goodykoontz, & Jacobs 2011). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IAbhclxSNTw The cinematographer exhibited information based brightness and able utilization of all kind of shots in this clasp. He coupled it with the brilliant characteristic daylight made the finale to this clasp very moving. The words â€Å"Never Again† were conveyed in a profound concentrate close up shot of Magneto. The cinematographer utilized long, medium and close-up shots just as profound core interest. His assortment of shots and selection of lightings made this film exceptionally engaging. Altering â€Å"The movie proofreader makes the movie, actually building it, sorting out various takes of individual scenes and afterward setting the chose scenes in the request that recounts to the story the chief needs to tell. The editor’s job is critical to the creation of an effective film. Poor altering does the crowd a definitive injury with regards to film.† (Goodykoontz, 2009). The scenes were quick paced, activity pressed, story headed to where there was nothing observably off-base or strange with the altering. It was done in a disjointed style and that additional to the general energy. The quick developments made the longing to watch this film over and over. The altering was perfect. There were no noticeable or perceptible hitches. The story streamed and it was very arresting and engaging in light of the fact that it reflected genuine human battles for acknowledgment. Sound â€Å"Music has been a urgent piece of the film going experience since before the coming of recorded sound in films. So significant was its utilization that after some time chiefs started embeddings melodic prompts, or signals, for explicit music to be played at explicit times.† (Goodykoontz, & Jacobs 2011) I especially preferred the scene that united Xavier and Erik; it contained an assortment of grand sounds. When Erik was in the ocean and there was likewise a pack of vessels and ships around him; there were hints of pontoon horns; there were characteristic hints of water sprinkling against the sides of the boats and the tearing hints of the speed vessels separating the water. During the pulverization of Shaw’s transport, there were trustworthy audio effects of the unreeling of the enormous chain on the stay; the slamming sounds and the hazardous sounds. The complimentary sound of foundation symphony music playing that stacked rehashed moderately slow and even beat (da-dap da-dap da-dap) that proposes activity and afterward there was the discourse. In general, the music and sounds were consistently entwined into every scene to additionally connect with the audience’s consideration. Added to that, in the midst of the various sounds, the discourse was clear and perceptible. The general sound for this film was acceptable. Style and Directing A movie executive is the imaginative power behind a film. He is the person who is liable for the final result that the review open pays to see at the cinema. His assertion is last on the visuals, the sounds and the acting. As indicated by Vincent LoBrutto in his book, The Filmmaker’s Guide to Production Design; â€Å"A great chief must have a ï ¬ rm thought of how to decipher the content cinematically.† (LoBrutto 2002) LoBrutto went on further to state that, executives read the content for a general impression and effect. It doesn't make a difference who the scriptwriter(s) is/are, it is the director’s understanding, shots and takes that watchers see at the cinemas. The buck stops at the movie chief. (LoBrutto 2002) Director Matthew Vaughn has his own quick paced activity stuffed style of coordinating. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0891216/He attempted to make comic book characters appear to be genuine by combining regular memorable occasions like the holocaust (E rik was in the concentra

Administrative Theories of Management Essay Example for Free

Managerial Theories of Management Essay Henri Fayol a French industrialist has composed a book title Administration Industrialle et Generalle in 1916 , as per his book speculations about administration he thought could be applied to the administration of any association with authoritative obligations. Fayol distinguished five capacity which is as yet utilized today to all administration exercises , they were arranging , sorting out , ordering , planning and controlling . Fayol gives 14 rule of the board : 1.Division of work According to Fayol , specialization expands yield by making representatives increasingly productive. A large portion of the representative might have the option to manage every thing work that given to them if work is separated by their aptitude and specialized ability . See more: My Writing Process Essay 2.Authority Fayol characterized authority as the option to provide orders and the ability to correct dutifulness. That implies , directors must have the option to provide request to the representatives . Alongside it , the duty will goes on. 3.Discipline Discipline is a basic for the smooth running of business which is without it a venture or association can't succeed. A workers must obey and regard the guidelines that are state by the association . 4.Unity of Command A worker ought to get orders from one unrivaled just . Fayol respected having double order is prompting vulnerability and wavering with respect to subordinates and will make strife between supervisors. 5.Unity of course One head and one arrangement for a gathering having a similar goal. that mean the association ought to have a solitary strategy to control supervisors and laborers . 6.Subordination of individual enthusiasm to the general enthusiasm There ought to be no irreconcilable situation between singular aspiration and the prosperity of the association all in all. This standard requires a firm however reasonable hand from bosses who should set a genuine model. 7.Remuneration Workers must be paid a reasonable pay for their administrations . Fayol searched for some essential standards in the technique for installment such is it will guarantee reasonable compensation , support perception by remunerating very much guided exertion and not prompt over-installment going past sensible cutoff points. 8.Centralization Fayol looked at that as a component of centralization should consistently be available which is each subordinate are engaged with dynamic. 9.Scalar Chain It is otherwise called line of power . The solidarity of order can prompt too much chains of power which upset correspondence. Hierarchic associations consistently demanded that offices spoke with one another just through their heads. 10.Order For Fayol, individuals and materials ought to be in the correct spot at the opportune time . This surmised the goals of the two most troublesome administrative exercises: great association and great choice. He considered the to be issue as the adjusting of an associations prerequisites with its assets. 11.Equity Managers ought to be thoughtful and reasonable for their subordinate and rewarded them similarly so as to acquire duty from them . 12.Stability of residency of faculty An administration ought to give systematic staff arranging and guarantee that substitutions are accessible to fill opening since workers need a time of solidness in a vocation to convey of their best. 13.Initiative Fayol alerts administrators against the individual vanity which keeps their representatives from permitting to thoroughly consider an issue and execute an answer compensating experience which expands inspiration and elevated levels of exertion. This implied , representatives are permitted to start and complete their arrangements for the association. 14.Esprit de corps. Isolating adversary powers to debilitate them is astute, however separating ones own group is a grave sin against the business. It is stating about advancing camaraderie will construct concordance and solidarity inside the association.

Free Essays on Pink

â€Å"Family Portrait† One melody can carry a wide range of sentiments to each individual who hears it. It can give want to those experiencing troublesome occasions in their lives, or the beat can make you need to get up and move. A melody can likewise bring back recollections of what you were doing the first occasion when you heard it, and that memory remains with you each time you hear it once more. Pink is an artist/lyricist who has experienced more in her youth than a great many people have in their whole lives. She not just uses her music as an outflow of her past adolescence, however she likewise can give some extraordinary gathering music. One of my main tunes is called â€Å"Family Portrait.† This tune manages her parents’ choice to get a separation, and how it affected her life. She was just twelve when her dad left, and she wound up turning into an agitator. She tuned in to rap, hip-jump, and rock while growing up, which gives her music its very own character. Each time I hear this melody it brings back recollections of my folks when they separated. It is practically similar to Pink and I were in a similar house and encountered very similar things. The one section that I can intently identify with in her melody is the point at which she says, â€Å" I hear glasses separating as I sit in my bed. I revealed to God you didn’t mean those frightful things you said. You quarrel over cash, about me and my sibling. What's more, this I return home to, this is my shelter.† This circumstance is the thing that I experienced each time my folks would battle. It astonishes me how comparative homes are for offspring of separated from guardians. Pink was given an extraordinary blessing empowering her to contact people groups feelings with her voice and tunes. She likewise has an incredible assortment letting her sing a melody as significant as this, at that point changing to one that permits you to forget about it and move. I think this is the reason she has ascended to such an extraordinary craftsman. She never harps on her past. She just gets it out into the open and proceeds onward. â€Å" It ain’t simple growin’ up in WW3, never knowin’ wh... Free Essays on Pink Free Essays on Pink â€Å"Family Portrait† One tune can carry a wide range of sentiments to each individual who hears it. It can give would like to those experiencing troublesome occasions in their lives, or the beat can make you need to get up and move. A melody can likewise bring back recollections of what you were doing the first occasion when you heard it, and that memory remains with you each time you hear it once more. Pink is an artist/lyricist who has experienced more in her youth than the vast majority have in their whole lives. She not just uses her music as an outflow of her past adolescence, yet she additionally can give some extraordinary gathering music. One of my main tunes is called â€Å"Family Portrait.† This tune manages her parents’ choice to get a separation, and how it affected her life. She was just twelve when her dad left, and she wound up turning into a dissident. She tuned in to rap, hip-bounce, and rock while growing up, which gives her music its very own character. Each time I hear this melody it brings back recollections of my folks when they separated. It is practically similar to Pink and I were in a similar house and encountered very similar things. The one section that I can intently identify with in her melody is the point at which she says, â€Å" I hear glasses separating as I sit in my bed. I disclosed to God you didn’t mean those dreadful things you said. You quarrel over cash, about me and my sibling. What's more, this I get back home to, this is my shelter.† This circumstance is the thing that I experienced each time my folks would battle. It astounds me how comparative homes are for offspring of separated from guardians. Pink was given an incredible blessing empowering her to contact people groups feelings with her voice and tunes. She additionally has an incredible assortment letting her sing a tune as important as this, at that point changing to one that permits you to forget about it and move. I think this is the reason she has ascended to such an incredible craftsman. She never harps on her past. She essentially gets it out into the open and proceeds onward. â€Å" It ain’t simple growin’ up in WW3, never knowin’ wh...

Organizational analysis with reference to Social work

Authoritative investigation regarding Social work Presentation Organizations utilize a huge scope of social specialists. These social laborers are occupied with hordes of work inside any association. This work without a doubt shifts from working in a huge association accused of creation of merchandise to associations that are prevalently occupied with planning and creation of administrations planned for fulfilling common and even individual needs.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Organizational examination concerning Social work explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Human assistance associations utilize a huge number of social specialists. As a method of model, therapists and analysts ensnare a portion of the social specialists who work considerably more freely that social laborers do for the most part. Given the complexities of social work administration inside an association, numerous speculations have been proposed to clarify the nature and the pertinence of social specialists inside an asso ciation. Some of such speculations are woman's rights and human administrations, as examined by Jones and May (1992, p. 56), among others. This paper works from a human assistance association point of view to look into women's liberation and human help hypotheses. Foundation Following the development of the second development for freedom of ladies, researchers have tested huge numbers of the customary comprehension of the women’s encounters. This has incited the rise of another grant body conveying ideas of woman's rights. Regarding social work speculations, woman's rights is conveyed to allude to â€Å"a method of investigation including certain perspectives and of acting, which are intended to kill the abuse of ladies in the general public to accomplish women’s liberation† (Hannan, Carroll Polos 2003, p.310). Women's liberation hypothesis gives firmly established grounds to examining the different encounters of ladies with social human administrations associat ions particularly dependent on the reason that social, monetary and political structures shape the encounters of ladies. As indicated by Tong (1989), in social work setting, â€Å" women's activist idea expect that women’s interests and points of view are substantial all by themselves, are not inferiors or auxiliary to those of men’s, nor would it be advisable for them to be characterized uniquely comparable to or as a deduction from men’s experiences† (30).Advertising Looking for paper on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Indeed, this worry shapes the reactions of customary mental, philosophical, and chronicled grant. The nonattendance of such suppositions is the structure squares of the feministic approaches utilized in human administrations associations. Human administrations hypothetical point of view has at its heart the discernment that social work is tied in with helping individ uals regardless of the distinctions either in sexual orientation terms or in some other method of arrangement of organizations’ working populace. As Reskin and Hartmann (1986) note, human assistance hypothesis sees â€Å"social fill in just like about social change at a person just as at community’s level† (p.102). In this unique situation, human administrations hypothesis for the most part centers around the goals of individuals challenges inside an association in the midst of the complexities that exist inside human administrations associations. Truth be told, this hypothesis acknowledges this nature of complexities. Consequently, it considers the to be to such complexities as being laid on the foundation of teaching the soul of innovativeness and cultivating information improvement among social laborers (Jones May 1992, p.47). In a perfect world, human administrations hypothesis tries to give reactions to different interrogatives, for example, the pertinence of looking to realize why individuals endure, people’s duties in goals of social work issues indicating how systems of giving information about human difficulties might be benefited. Similitudes Both human administrations and woman's rights speculations are totally best in class with the primary target of giving methods of clarifying people’s practices, the manner in which they see and even consider specific circumstances inside the social workplace. Basically at that point, the two viewpoints give the focal point through which social specialists procure direction. From an alternate measurement, the two speculations are comparable since their practicability is laid on an assortment of very comparable structures, which really impact the two points of view. A case of these systems is biological system point of view. As per Hannan, Carroll and Polos, biological system viewpoint â€Å"focuses on the transaction between the individual and their environment† (2003, p. 312).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Organizational examination regarding Social work explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Paramount to note is that, regardless of whether from a feministic hypothesis point of view or human administrations point of view, it is generally pleasing that individuals inside human administrations association have the right to comprehend the working of different people. In any case, in an undertaking to comprehend individuals better, it is significant that one comprehends the ecological setting inside which the individual lives (Jones May 1992, p.52). Mohr (1998) â€Å"argues that â€Å"Individuals exist inside families, families exist inside networks and neighborhoods, and neighborhoods exist in a political, monetary, and social environment† (p.355). In both hypothetical points of view, it is questionable that an individual’s domain contributes generally into molding individual and gathering conviction s, decisions and practices. Evidently, social work, as a control, pays a tremendous concentration in endeavoring to comprehend people’s issues. These issues ostensibly stem directly from nature in which an individual comes, something that both human administrations and woman's rights speculations indebt to address. Both hypothetical viewpoints send the ideas of human qualities in their premises. In the expressions of Berkun, â€Å"strengths point of view is based on the presumption that each person, family, gathering and network has qualities. Concentrating on these, qualities lead to development and defeating difficulties† (1984, p. 22). Straightforwardly harmonious with this line of thought, both hypothetical points of view see customers similar to the most conceivable determinates of the fitting helping techniques for work in the goals of issues besetting them. In both hypothetical points of view, working from the settings of customers are basic undertakings in addi ng to thinking of a helping system that is both compelling and productive in goals of difficulties nearby. Thought of social points of view is one more fundamental likeness between human administrations and women's liberation approaches in tending to issues in human administrations organizations.Advertising Searching for article on sociologies? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Ostensibly, trying to come into a downplaying of people’s challenges inside an association, it is vital for social laborers, regardless of the hypothetical viewpoint they buy in to, to guarantee that they are socially skilled. This preferably calls for â€Å"understanding and endorsement of social qualifications, considering the convictions, qualities, exercises, and customs of particular populace bunches inside an organisation† (Hannan, Carroll and Polos 2003, p.314). As a method of model, social laborers working in the wellbeing administrations part, in the case of sending women's liberation or human administrations hypothetical point of view or not, have at the rear of their brains that the way where individuals talk about issues identifying with their bodies impacts the manner in which an individual responds. This goes about as a deciding variable of whether the individual being referred to acknowledges or dismisses the wellbeing administrations being advertised. In this unique circumstance, both hypothetical viewpoints perceive the need to incorporate both satisfactory social work standards with social standards of customers trying to make social workers’ work yield considerable natural products. Contrasts Although human administrations and women's liberation ways to deal with social work inside an association have various similitudes, a few contrasts are likewise important. While human administrations hypothesis will in general treat all individuals working with associations independent of the distinctions as far as sex as well as sexuality, women's liberation hypothesis concentrates more on ladies, instead of men asserting that ladies are diverse in a horde of ways. Subsequently, it sounds significant to contend that â€Å"Feminist hypothesis looks at ladies in the social world tending to issues of worry to ladies concentrating on these from the point of view, encounters, and perspective of women† (Berkun 1984, 20). At the int ernal center of the women's liberation hypothesis is holding the position that ladies have been distraught for quite a while particularly when seen as lesser sex. For this reason, woman's rights hypothesis in social work pays mind boggling time to introspect â€Å"feminist history, topography, writing, science, and creates thoughts and approaches that are helpful in a wide assortment of these disciplines† (Mohr 1998, p.345). Women's liberation hypothesis, rather than human administrations hypothesis, is basically an analysis of the convectional social work speculations. Putting more accentuation on the women’s need built up an elective information an endevour to strike an ordinary and position when contrasted with men. Apparently, the position taken by women's liberation scholars is without a doubt a flawed one. For example, in what manner can concentrating more on issues identified with ladies help in advancing uniformity inside human administrations associations whil e nullifying the worries of men, either in part or in totality? Evidently, the more the discussion maintain the enunciation ladies as es

Reduce Stress With Increased Assertiveness

Reduce Stress With Increased Assertiveness Stress Management Management Techniques Print Reduce Stress With Increased Assertiveness By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on September 19, 2018 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Thomas Barwick / Stone / Getty Images Assertiveness isnt usually thought of as a way to reduce stress, but you may be surprised by how exercising this character trait can improve your mood. What Is Assertiveness? Assertiveness is the ability to express one’s feelings and assert one’s rights while respecting the feelings and rights of others. Assertive communication is appropriately direct, open and honest, and clarifies one’s needs to the other person. Assertiveness comes naturally to some but is a skill that can be learned. People who have mastered the skill of assertiveness are able to greatly reduce the level of interpersonal conflict in their lives, thereby reducing a major source of stress. Assertiveness Compared to Other Behavior Sometimes people confuse aggressiveness with assertiveness, seeing that both types of behavior involve standing up for one’s rights and expressing one’s needs. The key difference between the two styles is that individuals behaving assertively will express themselves in ways that respect the other person. They assume the best about people, respect themselves, and think “win-win” and try to compromise. In contrast, individuals behaving aggressively will tend to employ tactics that are disrespectful, manipulative, demeaning, or abusive. They make negative assumptions about the motives of others and think in retaliatory terms, or they don’t think of the other person’s point of view at all. They win at the expense of others and create unnecessary conflict. Passive individuals don’t know how to adequately communicate their feelings and need to others. They tend to fear conflict so much that they let their needs go unmet and keep their feelings secret in order to ‘keep the peace’. They let others win while they lose out; the problem with this (which I’ll go into in more detail momentarily) is that everybody involved loses, at least to an extent. What Does Assertiveness Look Like? Here are some common scenarios, with examples of each style of behavior: Scenario A: Someone cuts in front of you at the supermarket. An aggressive response would be to assume they did it on purpose and angrily say, “Hey, jackass, no cuts!” A passive response would be to just let the person stay in front of you. An assertive response would be to assume that they may not have seen you in line and politely say, “Excuse me, but I was in line.” Scenario B: Your friend, who can be quite verbose, calls to vent about her bad day. Unfortunately, you have a lot of work to do and don’t have time to talk. An aggressive response would be to become angry that she obviously doesn’t respect your time, cut her off, and sarcastically say, “Oh, get over it! I have my own problems!” A passive response would be to let her talk for as long as she needs, and figure that your deadline can suffer; she needs your help. An assertive response would be to listen for a minute or two, then compassionately say, “Wow, it sounds like you’re having a tough day! I’d love to talk to you about it, but I don’t have the time right now. Can we talk later tonight?” Get the idea? The Benefits of Assertiveness Assertive people tend to have fewer conflicts in their dealings with others, which translates into much less stress in their lives. They get their needs metâ€"which also means less stressing over unmet needs and help others get their needs met, too. Having stronger, more supportive relationships virtually guarantees that, in a bind, they have people they can count on, which also helps with stress management, and even leads to a healthier body. In contrast, aggressiveness tends to alienate others and create unnecessary stress. Those on the receiving end of aggressive behavior tend to feel attacked and often avoid the aggressive individual, understandably. Over time, people who behave aggressively tend to have a string of failed relationships and little social support, and they don’t always understand that this is related to their own behavior. Ironically, they often feel like victims, too. Passive people aim to avoid conflict by avoiding communication about their needs and feelings, but this behavior damages relationships in the long run. They may feel like victims, but continue to avoid confrontation, becoming increasingly angry until, when they finally do say something, it comes out aggressively. The other party doesn’t even know there’s a problem until the formerly passive individual virtually explodes! This leads to hard feelings, weaker relationships, and more passivity. Become More Assertive The first step in becoming more assertive is to take an honest look at yourself and your responses, to see where you currently stand. The answers to the following questions will help clue you in: Do you have difficulty accepting constructive criticism?Do you find yourself saying ‘yes’ to requests that you should really say ‘no’ to, just to avoid disappointing people?Do you have trouble voicing a difference of opinion with others?Do people tend to feel alienated by your communication style when you do disagree with them?Do you feel attacked when someone has an opinion different from your own? If you answered yes to several of these, you may benefit from learning assertiveness skills.

Why Is Interprofessional Working Important To Nursing Practice - Free Essay Example

Inter-professional working is constantly promoted to professionals within the health and social care sector. Various terms such as interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and interagency collaboration working have been used to promote professionals to work together with the patient, carers, relations, services and other professionals (SCIE, 2009). This Paper will explore the importance of inter-professional working in nursing practice, due to nurses supporting and treating a variety of patients. This paper will discuss the general importance of inter-professionalism as part of good nursing practice, it will use examples of adult stroke patients and children who have cerebral palsy. These two conditions have been chosen because they allow the paper to explore two different age groups and the needs of patients who tend to have complex social and healthcare needs. There is also a wealth of literature available on these conditions which helps highlight the need for nurses to work effectively with other health and social care professionals, service providers and carers. Patients initially tend to see nurses either alone on arrival at accident and emergency departments, or in conjunction with a medical practitioner. Therefore, the duration of time that a nurse spends with a patient tends to be longer than most other health/medical professionals (Godfrey, 2012). Ward nurses who work on hospital wards, provide care and support to admitted patients throughout their whole stay. Thi s length of time spent with the patients allow them to be familiar with the patient, hence allowing them to recognise changes in a patients health and also to identify any new needs. Often, patients need to see more than one health/medical professional in their stay at the hospital, due to their health needs. Despite these professionals possessing specialist skills to support or treat specific health concerns that the patient may have, often the health recommendations that are given to the patient need to be performed routinely even when the patient is not in the presence of this specialist. Therefore, allied health professionals tend to advise, seek the support of, or hand specific recommendations over to nurses. This is often seen between nurses and physiotherapists in mobility recommendations, this is because nurses often have to mobilise a patient out of hours as recommended by the physiotherapist (Godfrey, 2012). This avoids the patient having to wait for a physiotherapist on w eekends, or to become frustrated due to being in one position for long periods of time and it also supports the overall hospital service aim of better patient outcomes. Similarly patients with complex physical issues, minimal mobility or neurological complications, such as stroke patients, need to be regularly moved to avoid pressure ulcers developing. In addition to this, regaining mobility gradually is often part of a patients stroke rehabilitation programme. Clear guidelines and training are given, as recommended by NICE, to nurses to perform safe moving and handling techniques on patients. These guidelines advise 2-3 trained professionals to move a patient who is bed bound, depending on the patients movement ability and weight (Jacob et al, 2007). If this is a stroke patient this needs to be done on recommendation of a physiotherapist (RCP, 2012). Therefore, it is important for nurses to communicate effectively with other health and social care professionals when moving and h andling a patient who may have complex needs, as nurses may need specialist recommendations by the physiotherapist, or the patient may have medical equipment attached to them which needs to be handled carefully or removed temporarily. Safe moving and handling techniques as part of a team effort not only promotes good health and social care practice, it also decreases the risk of injury to a nurse. This is particularly important as moving and handling injuries have been the most common causes of staff absence for a period of 3 days and longer between the years of 2007 and 2013 (Anderson, 2014). A key feature of hospital care is information sharing through ward rounds done by doctors and other health professionals. The aim of this is to provide patient care which can be delivered in a timely manner, but it also allows the multidisciplinary team involved with the patient to plan their future care and treatments. Nurses input via reporting to colleagues their judgement and observatio ns on the patients current health state is not only vital for better care planning in the future, but it is also important because nurses can often voice the preferences that patients have expressed to them, hence promoting the principle of patient centred care (RCP and RCN, 2012). Furthermore, due to the direct care ward nurses give on their shift throughout the day to allocated patients, they often recognise the general deterioration of a patients health and wellbeing before other health professionals and doctors. Therefore, it is extremely important for the safety and well-being of patients for nurses to liaise with doctors regularly to manage the change of symptoms as soon as possible. Even though patient care planning is revisited and documented regularly by health and medical professionals when changes are needed for the patient, formal multidisciplinary meetings allow improved outcomes for the patient, an example of an improved outcome is when Stroke Early Discharge Suppor t Teams can discharge patients earlier, allowing them to more likely be independent sooner in their daily tasks (Clarke, 2013). The multi-disciplinary team who has contributed to this evidence has consisted of specialist medical practitioners, various speciality therapists, dietitian, a care manager, nurses and sometimes a social worker. Nurses, due to possessing past history medical notes and the knowledge of relations who visit the patient, can usually provide the occupational therapist and the allocated social worker with information on key relations of the patient that maybe useful to contact prior to discharge. Also, nurses through conversation can gather information on the patients living situation at home. This is paramount in discharge planning for stroke patients as sometimes they are unable to communicate fully and clearly their living environment at home, as stroke can impact an individuals ability to communicate verbally and physically. Also, if patients have few or no r elations living with them, they may need home care via nursing staff or telecare equipment which can support risks of injury or allow individuals to alert emergency care services via sensory equipment when they have a fall or another stroke which results them to fall. Even though occupational therapists will do assessments of the environment which the patient resides in (EKUHFT, 2015), nurses can often give the therapist insight on any issue the patient has had in their stay at the hospital, an example of this may be that the patient has difficulty lowering themselves to sit on the toilet, the occupational therapist would usually request for a grab/hand rail to be fitted in the patients home to support them to do this action. Patient care planning via inter-professional working is also fundamental to children who have been born with Cerebral Palsy. Nurses with specialist roles such as Health visitors, provide a community based service to cerebral palsy patients and their families . This differs to the role of nurses on the ward as Health visitors review the health of the patient in reference to their living environment and public health needs, hence allowing them to identify the wider health needs of the family too (Alexander, 2014).. Due to cerebral palsy being a non-curable condition the child and the family/carers of the child will regularly receive treatments and support from an extended network of health and social care professionals and also educational specialists and support staff (NHS, 2014). Therefore, health visitors need to be able to create successful inter-professional relations with professionals who are external to the health and social care industry such as educational psychologists, by understanding the role and service that the professional is providing to the patient. It is also vital to understand roles due to the referral systems we have in the United Kingdom, both within hospital and community care. Furthermore, policies can differ bet ween the local authority, the NHS and private healthcare providers and the child and his/her family may have chosen to have a specific care package which the health visitor may not be aware of (Know your rights, 2015; NHS, 2013). Also, Health visitors often need to liaise with professionals who are not employed by the NHS or another private healthcare provider but by a local authority instead. This can mean the caseload is allocated differently, waiting times may differ and methods of referral may differ too. Therefore, to ensure that the patients transition is efficient and positive from immediate hospital care to accessing community based services, nurses need to be aware of the basic structure and logistics of other services. This awareness needs to be raised more specifically in the working environment for younger student nurses or graduate nurses who may not know the difference between certain professional roles, as despite accredited nursing programmes having modules or les sons in multidisciplinary practice covering the importance of knowing the roles of other health and social care professionals, sometimes there is confusion between specialists who support patients or service users with the same condition(s). A classic misunderstanding is a student nurse struggling to understand the difference between a mental health social worker and a mental health nurse, who can both work for community based teams and may be employed by the local authority (The Masked AMHP, 2012). The administration of medication is another role that nurses carry out in health and social care settings. The administration or preparation of medication is usually done by using the skills learnt from their training, instructions from the pharmacist or manufacturer guidelines. However, human error in the administration or preparation or omission of the medication can put the patient at risk of poor health or even death (NICE, 2014). Hospital pharmacists and dispensing staff function in a fast paced environment, hence processing prescriptions for medications that are needed for patients on the ward who vary in conditions. Some medications are needed urgently and human error can occur on the behalf of pharmacist or dispensing staff. Despite pharmacy staff recording clinical errors as part of their good clinical practise, nurses also need to be aware of these errors for the patients safety and awareness also needs to be raised to other nursing colleagues of the issue because the patients health may need to be checked regularly. . Furthermore, as doctors complete prescriptions for the request of medications, nursing staff only follow the patients drug chart in administrating the medication, hence it is vital for the nurse to understand what the doctor is prescribing the medication for (UHS, 2015). This is important to know as the nurse may observe patient changes after the patient has had the medication, which need to be recorded. To avoid error and to justify the ir clinical actions in medical administration of drugs, nurses need to be able to follow the advice and instructions of both the doctor and pharmacist, therefore effective and open communication allows questions to be asked and concerns to be raised, hence creating a strong working relationship. This protects not only the patient but it also improves working relationships between medical and nursing staff. Also, nursing staff and doctors caring and treating patients with cerebral palsy have to work using a comprehensive rehabilitation approach, which includes working alongside physiatrists who manage anti-spasticity medication and review medical complications associated with cerebral palsy. Hence, nursing staff need to have a broad understanding of the specialisms of the medical practitioners that they are liaising with, as often nursing staff liaise with several different specialists. To conclude, inter-professional working is clearly important for all health and social care sta ff, however it is extremely important for nursing staff because their varied role requires them to liaise with different professionals, settings and patients. Also, as nurses can now undertake CPD to specialise in areas such as such as stroke, diabetes, palliative care and disability, their role has changed from providing traditional nursing through practical care to now being able to provide specialist advice to the patient and relations on the management of the condition. (Niece McEwen, 2015). For nurses to be successful in their specialist roles they need to create positive working relationships with other health/medical staff, non-clinical professionals, carers/families and most importantly the patient. Furthermore, due to the demand of nurses in non-clinical settings such as homes and schools, for nurses to practice effectively they need to be able to understand the roles of professionals practicing in community settings as often these professionals can provide the nurse with how the patient functions in their daily life. Due to ward nurses providing care throughout their shift, usually to the same patients, the greater length of time with the patient allows them to have a better insight to the patient and their health whilst in care of that ward. This allows them to feed back to fellow nurses and other health/medical professionals any changes that need to be made to the patients care plans. It seems not only is patient care improved by inter-professional working but also the skills and knowledge of nursing staff is also developed by learning from other professionals, it is likely that in the future, guidelines will further advise nurses to work more inter-professionally with other professionals. Bibliography Alexander, C. (2014) Growing into the role. Nursing Standard. 28 (20). p. 63. Anderson, M.P, Carlisle, S, Thomson, C, Ross, C, Reid, H.J, Hart, N.D, Clarkle, A. (2014) Safe moving and handling of patients: an interprofessional approach. Nursing Standard. 28 (46). p. 37-41. Clarke, D.J. (2013) The role of multidisciplinary team care in stroke rehabilitation. Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry. 17 (4). p. 5-8. East Kent Hospitals University. (2015) The Stroke multidisciplinary team. [Online] Available from: https://www.ekhuft.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/services/elderly-services/stroke-services/stroke-care/the-stroke-multidisciplinary-team Godfrey, K. (2012) Is interhttps://www.ekhuft.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/services/elderly-services/stroke-services/stroke-care/the-stroke-multidisciplinary-teamdisciplinary the new multidisciplinary? [Online] Available from: https://www.nursingtimes.net/opinion/nt-blog/is-interdisciplinary-the-new-multidisciplinary/5052155.blog Jacob, A, Rekha, R, Tarachand, J.S. (2007) Clinical Nursing Procedures: The Art of Nursing Practice. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Limited: New Delhi. Know your rights. (2015) 02. Your right to Health and Social Care. [Online] Available from: https://www.know-your-rights.org.uk/02.html National Health Service. (2013) Who Pays? Determining responsibility for payments to providers. [Online] Available from: https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/who-pays.pdf National Health Service. (2014) Cerebral palsy à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" treatment. [Online] Available from:  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cerebral-palsy/treatment/ National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2014) Safe staffing for nursing in adult inpatient wards in acute hospitals. [Online] Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/sg1/chapter/9-safe-nursing-indicators#safe-nursing-indicator-medication-administration-errors Nies, M.A, McEwen, M. (2015) Community/Public Health nursing : Promoting the Health of Populations. Elsevier Saunders: Missouri. Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Nursing. (2012) Ward Rounds in medicine: principles for best practice. [Online] Available from: https://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/479329/004342.pdf Royal College of Physicians. (2012) National Clinical guideline for stroke. [Online] Available from: https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/national-clinical-guidelines-for-stroke-fourth-edition.pdf/ Social Care Institute for Excellence. (2009) Interprofessional and inter-agency collobration. [Online] Available from: https://www.communitycare.co.uk/2009/08/03/interprofessional-and-inter-agency-collaboration/ The Masked, AMHP. (2012) Maintaining identity as a social worker in a multidisciplinary team. [Online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/social-care-network/social-life-blog/2012/jul/20/social-work-in-multidisciplinary-teams University Hospital Southampton. (2015) Sect ion 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Prescription Writing. [Online] Available from: https://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/suhtideal/Doctors/SaferPrescribingWorkbook/Section1-Prescriptionwriting.pdf

Cyber Risks And Security Control - 1337 Words

CISOs have limited resources, yet cyber risk is growing Organizations need to know which security control measures matter the most – and know where to implement those controls in their expanding borderless enterprise. However, every control everywhere is not financially sustainable. A risk-based perspective, leveraging threat-based assessments based on attack scenarios, complements a traditional Risk and Controls Matrix, and empowers a more effective GRC program. Growing volume and sophistication of cyber attacks Cyber risks are constantly changing. Think about the rate of change in your business, its use of technology and the threat landscape compounded together. With the resulting change in threat means, motives and opportunities it’s†¦show more content†¦You must think of your organizational assets from the eyes of an attacker motivated by crime, espionage, hacktivism and even warfare. Cyber-attacks are in the news headlines, and are rising up on board agendas The National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD) expects organizations to evaluate their current and future risks and to inform the board of emerging risks on a timely basis. Consequently, every company’s leadership team should periodically ask themselves some basic questions in order to understand cybersecurity risk as it applies to themselves; †¢ What are our critical assets and how do we know? †¢ What data, and how much data, are we willing to lose or have compromised? †¢ How should our cyber-risk mitigation investments be allocated among basic and advanced defenses? †¢ What options are available to assist us in transferring certain cyber risks? †¢ How should we assess the impact of cyber events? †¢ What are our Top Threats and how do we know? How should I use security assessments to maximize protection with scarce resources? Most security assessments fall into three camps. Each has its own set of strengths and weaknesses, and no single type is sufficient to protect an organization’s assets: †¢ Compliance-based security assessments †¢ Framework-based security assessments †¢ Risk-based security assessments. Compliance-based Security Control Assessments Every organization is subject to regulatory and

Fidel Castro s Courtroom Defense Speech - 1317 Words

This speech history will absolve me was Fidel Castro’s courtroom defense speech, where he displayed exemplary oratory skills, which made him famous. He was on trial for initiating a revolution against Batista’s dictatorship in 1953; he was sentenced to a jail term of fifteen years. Fidel Castro was later released after twenty months due to public pressure, and within six years he walked into Havana at the head of the Cuban Revolution. History has it that this was a four hours speech at the Court of Appeals of Santiago de Cuba. History should absolve Fidel Castro. His speech was powerful, moving and addressed the issues that plagued the nation. This paper shall seek to defend most of his ideologies, explain the importance and relevance of the speech. Fidel Castro in his speech portrayed the government as a very corrupt institution, in his words, he said that the entire government comprised of wolves and individual that of coward countenance; this was because he had been denied any legal aids. His demands for justice fell entirely on deaf years. According to Fidel Castro the head of the Government ‘Batista’ was a man full of treachery because he had led a coup against the then president â€Å"Gerardo.† Why was he being condemned for doing the same, especially when all he was doing was defending the rights of the innocent? Fidel Castro portrayed a very brave nature and had lived as one of the most adored personalities in the history of mankind (Conceived, 2012). Fidel Castro hadShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesUniversity of Minnesota and George Washington University. His MBA and Ph.D. are from the University of Minnesota, with a BBA from Drake University. Before coming into academia, he spent thirteen years in retailing with the predecessor of Kmart (S. S. Kresge), JCPenney, and Dayton-Hudson and its Target subsidiary. He held positions in store management, central buying, and merchandise management. His first textbook, Marketing: Management and Social Change, was published in 1972. It was ahead

Humor in the Halls of an Asylum in Ken Keseys One Flew...

Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, portrays humor in a powerful, obvious form. Usually, mentally-unstable people do not understand what it means to laugh and simple do not see humor in the everyday things other high-functioning people do. Their lives, lived tragically, consist of them wandering the cold bland hallways of the asylum. Forgetting how to live, they permit the harsh watch of the head nurse. The patients seem lifeless because they do not comprehend what life is. Since the good Lord works in good and strange ways, McMurphy arrives to help heal and save them all. He cures them by giving them the best medicine possible- laughter. He gives back the life to the much needed patients. At heart, becoming his sanctuary, allowing him to heal and escape while at the same time, healing his fellow friends. This novel involves a mess of symbolism, thus the issue in showing why laughter could be a key theme is vast. Look how many of the patients cant help it....theyre tired(52 Kesey) when in reality they are sick of the life they are living. With the aim of laughter as a healing agent, take a moment to look towards alternative influential writers and thinkers to tie along happiness and healing. Meridens dictionary says: laughter- n. a reason for merriment. With this basic understanding of this, laughter seen as merriment or feeling like success, hatred, liberation, and virtually the other feeling that can happen, it is straightforward to image in

Essay on Promote and Support Breastfeeding - 973 Words

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Privacy on Social Networks Free Essays

Network Sites (SNS) are websites that allow users to upload information to a public profile, create a list of online friends, and browse the profiles of other users of the SNS. The websites have membership rules and community standards. Users disclose identity-relevant information via their profile to others. We will write a custom essay sample on Privacy on Social Networks or any similar topic only for you Order Now This information is referential, directly referring to a person, or attributive, describing attributes to the data subject. Although most laws and regulations restrict the access to referential information, attributive information is not protected as such. However, the aggregation of large amounts of attributive information on SNS profiles poses new privacy risks, disclose identity-relevant information via their profile to others. Also, the privacy options in social networking sites do not work out in the way they are supposed to do. Keep your private life private! What does social network do? In real life, you have a circle of your friends. But what about their friends? And the friends of the friends of your friends? You can get to know people from literally any part of the world. That means you are sharing information with them. And that also means you are sharing a lot of information that you don’t want to share! Information spreads faster through a Social Network Site than through a real? life network. Information might be disclosed to a group of people unexpectedly, because the digital information is easily copied, can be stored indefinitely and is searchable. It especially harms users when information travels through different social spheres, and ends up with people whom it was not intended for. People have been fired, missed out on job interviews and academic opportunities, and been suspended from school for instant messages, wall posts and other messages they mistakenly thought were like private real world conversations with friends. Do not post anything in social networks that you won’t want to shout out in public. You can send private emails for that, but NEVER social networks. Social network is a place where you never know whom you are sharing private information with unless you yourself created the network! So be careful, stay safe! Applications and external links on social networking sites Have you ever used the ‘applications’ of facebook, myspace or any other social networking sites? Did you read the policies of that site about those applications? In most cases, the games or applications owners have access to almost all of your information that you provided in your social networking account. Moreover, they may also use them for commercial purposes. Some of these applications may offer you to participate in a survey to earn ‘credits’ or virtual ‘money’. You might, for example, earn some quick Farmville cash by answering a brief survey. Sounds a lot better than using your credit card, right? But you’re probably safer breaking out your wallet. TechCruch cites one instance in which players could win currency if they filled out such a survey. At the end of the survey, they would be asked to provide their phone number so that they can receive a PIN via text to get the results. Once they’ve entered that PIN into the site, they’re subscribed to a horoscope service for $9. 99 per month–something they won’t know unless they diligently read all the fine print. Ouch. The victims could immediately try to cancel the subscription, of course, but they could still end up being charged. Unwanted charges aren’t the only thing players are susceptible to: Social networking games make you a target for viruses and hackers as well. You will find a couple of threads in Zynga’s community forums in which moderators warn users against accepting any gifts or invitations within a certain game on Facebook. (They didn’t specify exactly what would happen if users accepted these buggy gifts or requests! ) Sometimes users also claim that a bug in the game wiped out all of their game progress. That can be pretty devastating for someone who has dedicated lots of time and money to it. Laws to minimize privacy threats Not all threats for privacy in Social Network Sites materialize and damage users in the same way. A risk analysis approach is needed to incorporate these insecurities into the analysis. The experts identified multiple threats for users of Social Network Sites. When these threats materialize, they become incidents that affect a certain amount of people. However, not all of these incidents damage users in the same way. The damage incurred depends on the type of threat and the perception of the user. Laws are directed at preventing the threats from materializing. More specifically, American tort laws create means for people to find compensations against the damages they incurred. Experts rate to what extent the tort laws address the threats for privacy and resulting damages they identified. The ratings of the various tort laws are depicted in illustration below. In 1986, Congress passed the Stored Communications Act as part of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act to address privacy issues attendant to the advent of the internet. Through the SCA, Congress intended to restrict disclosure of private communications by providers of electronic communications services. However, when Congress passed the SCA, the internet was in its infancy. The few networks available to consumers, such as Prodigy and America Online, were self-contained, and most people had never heard of the term e-mail, let alone utilized the limited form of electronic messaging that existed at the time. The World Wide Web did not yet exist, and it would be nearly a decade before the introduction of the web browser in the mid-1990s. Do you think the social networking sites abide by laws? Just because they are popular and big-game websites, doesn’t mean their policies are always convenient for you. The Privacy Policies of popular social networking sites were found contradictory to the Canadian privacy law. In July 2009, the Privacy Commissioner of Canada issued a report on an in-depth investigation triggered by a complaint from the Canadian Internet Policy and Public Interest Clinic. Third-party application developers Deactivation of accounts Personal information of non-users Accounts of deceased users Uses of user information Facebook did agree to change their privacy policies to avoid being banned or may be sued by Canadian government. But did that really make any difference? The Privacy Commissioner herself expressed dissatisfaction with the result. â€Å"While Facebook took some steps to resolve privacy concerns, the Commissioner remained dissatisfied by Facebook’s response at the end of the investigation. She was particularly concerned about the risks posed by the over-sharing of personal information with third-party developers of Facebook applications such as games and quizzes. † [Source: News release from Privacy Commission of Canada; Ottawa, August 27, 2009: ‘Facebook agrees to address Privacy Commissioner’s concerns’] As having access to other people’s private information is getting easier, laws can do a very little to protect us. We, ourselves have to be aware of where our information is going and who can have access to it. How to cite Privacy on Social Networks, Essay examples

Cheating What Are Its Effects Essay Example For Students

Cheating What Are Its Effects? Essay Cheating There are many problems in the world everywhere we go. Businesses, school, homes. There is a big problem in schools, especially high school. Cheating is a big problem for teachers and a headache to have to watch out for. Teens have figures that it is okay to cheat because everyone does it. Dishonesty has become a big factor in today society, and this effects everyone in some way. Cheating effects everyone in some way. Cheating occurs everyday, in every school. Cheating occurs even in the nicest schools, including private schools. This usually occurs when someone does not study for a test or just does not feel like thinking. Also, one might do it because he knows he can get away with it. Cheating widely effects others also. Excepting cheating only sends a negative massage to everyone. We are saying that teachers don’t care, and you can get away with it. It shows how low out society has stooped to just get a grade. No matter what the motivation to cheat, the bottom line is that it is wrong. But today, so many do it, teachers have to watch even more carefully, and trust is broken forever. Trust is broken between everyone. In conclusion, we have faced the problem of cheating. We know it is there. But now the question is: What shall we do about it? That is hard because there are so many dishonest people who do not care in this world. For now, all we can do it tighten down on cheaters. And just don’t let them cheat. If everyone would guard themselves against cheaters, they might give up. Of course that means we can’t cheat off of others. We need to build back up our trust of people, because without trust our world will crumbleMythology Essays

Wuthering Heights By Bronte Essays (659 words) - British Films

Wuthering Heights By Bronte Character Heathcliff- this character is a genuinely evil person. He is dark and cruel. He is violently passionate, meaning he loves as strongly as he hates. He is a creature about whose past is unknown. A dark, dirty beggar, he was picked up on the Liverpool streets by Mr. Earnshaw and brought to the secluded part of the world known as the moors, where he has ample space to work out his destiny. He has a strong will and is steadfast. Most of the characters in this novel are masters of their fate. They know what they want and go after it. They overcome all obstacles to immerse themselves in love. The minor characters in this novel are interesting. They portray little barriers and problems for the major characters. Setting The setting of this novel is Yorkshire, England. This is a prime setting for the novel because of all of its romantic qualities. If this story were to be set in a very unromantic place, it would not have had the same effect. Physical elements are very important in such an emotional story such as ?Wuthering Heights'. Theme Wuthering Heights is a psychological study of a man torn between love and hate. The author raises such questions such as ?can love overcome hatred?' Emily Bronte heaves these mysterious questions that have plagued mankind for all of existence at the reader and makes him/her question their own values. The way she portrays this question is through Heathcliff. She allows the reader to witness evilness and love through a character. The reader gets to experience these emotions indirectly through the words and thoughts of a complicated man. After finishing this amazing story, the reader realizes that the author has worked her way into their mind and has planted a very important seed. Point of View The story is told through Nelly, who is the servant who has been a housekeeper both at Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. She is a healthy, bustling, intelligent and thoroughly practical woman. The other narrator is Lockwood, who is a tenant at Thrushcross Grange at the beginning of Nelly's narration. He is a curious, mild and polite gentleman. The point of view switches between the two throughout the story. Style ?Heathcliff had knelt on one knee to embrace her; he attempted to rise, but she seized his hair, and kept him down. ?I wish I could hold you,' she continued bitterly, ?till we were both dead! I shouldn't care what you suffered. I care nothing for your sufferings. Why shouldn't you suffer? I do! Will you forget me? Will you be happy when I am in the earth? Will you say twenty years hence, ?That's the grave of Catherine Earnshaw. I loved her long ago and was wretched to lose her; but it is past. I've loved many others since: my children are dearer to me than she was; and at death, I shall not rejoice that I am going to her: I shall be sorry that I must leave them!? Will you say so Heathcliff?' ?Don't torture me till I am as mad as yourself,' cried he, wrenching his head free and grinding his teeth. The two, to a cool spectator, made a strange and fearful picture. Well might Catherine deem that heaven would be a land of exile to her, unless with her mortal body she cast away her moral character also. Her present countenance had a wild vindictiveness in its white cheek, and a bloodless lip and scintillating eye; and she retained in her closed fingers a portion of the locks she had been grasping. As to her companion, while raising himself with one hand, he had taken her arm with the other; and so inadequate was his stock of gentleness to the requirements of her condition, that on his letting go I saw four distinct impressions left blue in the colourless skin. ?Are you possessed with a devil,' he pursued savagely, ?to talk in that manner to me when you are dying? Do you reflect that all those words will be branded on my memory, and eating deeper eternally after you have left me?

IB tok Essay Topics - How to Choose Topic Ideas

IB tok Essay Topics - How to Choose Topic IdeasI'm sure you've been in a situation where you had to write an essay but needed to choose some topic for your IBT (IBT) essay topics. Don't worry, the process isn't as daunting as it seems. Here are some helpful tips for finding IBT essay topics that will be easy to follow and to write. Just remember to pick a topic that you'll enjoy and that will be interesting to your readers.The first thing you should do is review the topic list of the IB tok course. Write out a short list of topic ideas and decide which ones are the most useful for you. This will help you select which topic ideas to study.The second step to writing an IBT essay is to determine the 'whole.' To do this, pick three topics that are related to your academic goals and go from there. Begin by breaking your topic down into smaller parts. At this point, it's very important to choose topics that are within your ability to complete, but that are also relevant to your subject.Nex t, you'll want to consider how much research you'll need to do in order to come up with different types of topics. Consider, for example, if you will need to do background research. On the other hand, do you want to write a research paper or an essay about something that is new to you?You'll also want to consider how much information you'll need to provide for the reader's benefit, as well as for the student's progress. If you are writing a research paper, you will most likely have to include a lot of research materials.Finally, don't forget to determine how much writing you can handle on your own. After all, you will be grading yourself. If you can handle an essay in one sitting, that's even better. But, if you don't have enough time to write a single article, IBT will still be a good option for you.In conclusion, don't get discouraged if you are having trouble coming up with IBT essay topics because there are plenty of topics to choose from. Just choose some topics and start looki ng through the sample essay samples and make your decision on which topics will be good for you.As always, practice makes perfect! Good luck with your IB tok writing!

The End Of World War I Essays - French Third Republic, Free Essays

The End Of World War I Essays - French Third Republic, Free Essays The End of World War I When World War I ended on November 11, 1918, peace talks went on for months due to the Allied leaders wanting to punish the enemy and ?dividing the spoils of war.? A formal agreement to end the war was made and called the Treaty of Versailles. The issue that took the most time were the territorial issues because the empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman, and Germany had collapsed. These fallen empires had to be divided up and America?s President Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau of France, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, and David Lloyd George of Great Britain, were the main deciders of this deal. During 1918, Russia was knocked out of the war due to military defeats and the Bolshevik Revolution. Even though Russia had not been part of the Central Powers, Germany seized much of western Russia. After many months of arguing, the four men had made western Russia into the nations of Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland. The Treaty of Versailles was either a treaty of peace or a vengeance for the Germans. In April of 1919, Germany was previously captured and made to wait in a small house that was surrounded with barbed wire. The Allied, who captured Germany, wanted to make a peace treaty to end the fighting. The Germans agreed, but they wanted a treaty that was based on the Fourteen Points but obviously they were not going to get it because of the way they were treated; the barbed wire was unnecessary and ?should have tipped them off to what lay ahead.? When the treaty was first introduced to the Germans, they declined to sign it. It forced the Germans to accept full responsibility for the war and strip themselves of its colonies, coal fields, and the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine. It also made them pay outrageous reparations to the Allies. Nevertheless, on June 28, 1919, the Germans reluctantly signed the treaty because the Allies refused to change one word. Out of the $33 billion dollars the Germans had to pay for damages, the country was only able to pay $4.5 billion of it. The terms of the Treaty of Versailles helped set the stage for another world war less than 20 years later because the Allied wanted to stop Germany from ever becoming imperialistic again and still have them pay the war reparations. Germany opposed these actions and was the most effected by the terms of the Versailles Treaty. Germany got the blunt end of the war and was desperate to find a new leader to get out of their depression. That leader was Adolf Hitler. World War I was won by the Allied in which a formal agreement was made called the Versailles Treaty. It both brought peace and war in the coming years. Due to the harsh life styles it forced Germany to live, World War II broke out within twenty years time from the treaty.

African American History and Women Timeline 1970-1979

African American History and Women Timeline 1970-1979 [Previous] [Next] 1970 Cheryl Adrienne Brown, Miss New York, became the first African American contestant in the Miss America pageant(January 14) Diana Ross performs for the last time with the Supremes, and introduces Jean Terrell as her replacement with the group(August 7) Angela Davis, radical black activist and philosopher, was arrested as a suspected conspirator in the abortive attempt to free George Jackson from a courtroom in Marin County, Californiafirst issue of  Essence  published, a magazine targeted at black women 1971 (January 11) Mary J. Blige born (singer)Beverly Johnson appears on the cover of  Glamour, the first African American woman to be featured that way by a major fashion magazineThe Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) founded, an evolution from the Democratic Select Committee founded in 1969. Shirley Chisholm  was the only woman among the first 13 members. 1972 Mahalia Jackson died (gospel singer)Shirley Chisholm became the first African American woman candidate for President, with more than 150 delegate votes at the 1972 Democratic conventionBarbara Jordan elected to Congress, the first African American woman from a former Confederate state to be elected to the HouseYvonne Braithwaite Burke elected to Congress, the first black woman elected to the House from CaliforniaPatricia Roberts Harris became chair of the Democratic National Convention; Yvonne Braithwaite Burke was co-chair of the conventionHaitian boat people begin arriving in FloridaAngela Davis acquitted in California by an all-white jury  of charges from a 1970 shootout(January 27) Mahalia Jackson died (singer)(July 7) Lisa Leslie born (basketball player) 1973 Eleanor Holmes Norton and others found the National Black Feminist Organization.Marion Wright Edelson creates the Childrens Defense Fund.Cardiss Collins elected to Congress from a Chicago district, succeeding her husband 1974 Shirley Chisholm became the first African American woman elected to Congress   Alberta Williams King, Martin Luther King, Jr.s mother, and a deacon, were killed during services at Ebenezer Baptist Church 1975 Mary Bush Wilson becomes first African American woman board chair of the NAACP (the first chair, Mary White Ovington, was a white woman)Joanne Little acquitted of murder charges - she had stabbed a jailer with an ice pick to avoid sexual assaultLeontyne Price awarded Italys Order of Merit(April 12) Josephine Baker died of a stroke 1976 Barbara Jordan was the first woman and the first African American to give the keynote address at a national convention of the Democratic PartyJanie L. Mines becomes the first African  American woman to enter the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis.Clara Stanton Jones becomes the first African Amerian elected as President of the American Library AssociationPresident Jimmy Carter appoints Patricia Harris as Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the first African American woman selected for the cabinet.Unita Blackwell elected mayor of Mayersville, becoming the first black woman mayor in Mississippigymnast Dominque Dawes born (won three Olympic medals)(February 26) Florence Ballard dies of a heart attack, age 32.   She was one of the original Supremes. 1977 first African American woman ordained as an Episcopal priest: Pauli Murraythe Daughters of the American Revolution admitted the first African American member, Karen Farmer, who traced her ancestry back to William HoodMabel Murphy Smythe appointed as ambassador to Cameroon(September 1) Ethel Waters died, age 80 (singer, actress) 1978 Faye Wattleton became president of the Planned Parenthood Federation the first woman and the first African American to hold that positionUnited States Postal Service issued a stamp honoring Harriet Tubman.Toni Morrison received the National Book Critics AwardJill Brown, flying for Texas International Airlines, is the first black female pilot for any commercial airline(March 29) Tina Turner divorces Ike Turner(June 28) in University of California v. Backke, Supreme Court limits federal affirmative action 1979 Hazel Winifred Johnson became the first African American woman appointed as a general in the US ArmyPatricia Harris, who had served as Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, was appointed by President Carter as secretary of health, education and welfareBethune Museum and Archives established in Washington, DCLois Alexander opens the Black Fashion Museum in Harlem [Previous] [Next] [1492-1699] [1700-1799] [1800-1859] [1860-1869] [1870-1899] [1900-1919] [1920-1929] [1930-1939] [1940-1949] [1950-1959] [1960-1969] [1970-1979] [1980-1989] [1990-1999] [2000-] Janie L. Mines becomes the first African  American woman to enter the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis.

The Developing Manager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

The Developing Manager - Essay Example Ð °rds on the bÐ °sis of group pÐ °rticipÐ °tion Ð °nd involvement in such Ð °reÐ °s Ð °s setting goÐ °ls Ð °nd Ð °pprÐ °ising progress towÐ °rd goÐ °ls, engÐ °ge in much communicÐ °tion both down Ð °nd up Ð °nd with peers, encourÐ °ge decisionmÐ °king throughout the orgÐ °nizÐ °tion, Ð °nd otherwise operÐ °te Ð °mong themselves Ð °nd with their subordinÐ °tes Ð °s Ð ° group. My orgÐ °nizÐ °tion Ð °pplies neither of in-Ð °bove described styles. It is rÐ °ther something in the middle of exploitive – Ð °uthoritÐ °tive Ð °nd pÐ °rticipÐ °tive-group which cÐ °n be referred to Ð °s consultÐ °tive. MÐ °nÐ °gers within my orgÐ °nizÐ °tion hÐ °ve substÐ °ntiÐ °l but not complete confidence Ð °nd trust in subordinÐ °tes, usuÐ °lly try to mÐ °ke use of subordinÐ °tes ideÐ °s Ð °nd opinions, use rewÐ °rds for motivÐ °tion with occÐ °sionÐ °l punishment Ð °nd some pÐ °rticipÐ °tion, engÐ °ge in communicÐ °tion flow both down Ð °nd up, mÐ °ke broÐ °d policy Ð °nd generÐ °l decisions Ð °t the top while Ð °llowing specific decisions to be mÐ °de Ð °t lower levels Ð °nd Ð °ct consultÐ °tively in other wÐ °ys. CommunicÐ °tion is the process of sending Ð °nd receiving informÐ °tion or communicÐ °tion with Ð °nother person. In Ð ° simplistic form, informÐ °tion is sent from Ð ° sender or encoder to Ð ° receiver or decoder. In Ð ° more complex form feedbÐ °ck links Ð ° sender to Ð ° receiver. This requires Ð ° symbolic Ð °ctivity, sometimes viÐ ° Ð ° lÐ °nguÐ °ge. CommunicÐ °tion development is the development of processes enÐ °bling one to understÐ °nd whÐ °t others sÐ °y (or sign, or write) Ð °nd speÐ °k(or sign, or write), trÐ °nslÐ °te sounds Ð °nd symbols into meÐ °ning Ð °nd leÐ °rn the syntÐ °x of the lÐ °nguÐ °ge. CommunicÐ °tion is bÐ °sed on the ideÐ ° of respect, promises Ð °nd the wÐ °nt for sociÐ °l improvement. NonverbÐ °l communicÐ °tion deÐ °ls with fÐ °ciÐ °l expressions Ð °nd body motions. 93% of â€Å"emotionÐ °l meÐ °ning† we tÐ °ke from other people is found in the person’s fÐ °ciÐ °l expressions Ð °nd tone of voice, the other 7% is tÐ °ken from whÐ °t the person Ð °ctuÐ °lly sÐ °ys (More

The Relationship Between Risk and Expected Rate of Return in CAPM Statistics Project

The Relationship Between Risk and Expected Rate of Return in CAPM - Statistics Project Example In the opinion of Roll and Ross (1980, pp.1073-1103.), this theory had considerable significance in empirical work during the 1960s and 1970s. However further researches on this concept have questioned its reliability and authenticity of the computation of empirical constellation of asset returns; and, many related theories have detected ranges of disenchantment with the CAPM. As a result, the most widespread CAPM underwent harsh criticisms not only by the academicians but also by financial experts. In addition, empirical researchers have gathered a range of evidence against this model during the last few decades. That evidence questioned the model’s assumptions and argued the dead of the beta. Roll and Ross (1980, pp.1073-1103.) say that this situation led to the demand for a more potential theory and it caused the formulation of Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT). Although APT was developed recently, CAPM is considered as the basis of modern portfolio theory. According to Shanke n (1982, pp.1129-1140), the ATP is not more susceptible to empirical verification than the CAPM. The author also challenges the testability of arbitrage pricing theory as he finds that the basic elements of testability strategy would not properly work in the case of this model. He also points out that the theory precludes the differentials of expected return that form the basic structure of the concept. Huberman and Wang (2005, pp. 1-18) claim that both the CAPM and APT show relation between expected returns of assets and their covariance with other random variables.

The Importance Of Meaningful Learning Education Essay

The Importance Of Meaningful Learning Education Essay A qualification, whether for teaching for otherwise, does not make one a professional. The attributes for a professional teacher come from interactions with students, co-workers and parents. It requires a well-mannered, calm, punctual and well trained approach to all situations that may arise over the course of a career while also following and embracing new changes and protocol at the workplace. It is critical to maintain respect and confidentiality within a classroom environment and set examples for students to follow. Arguably, students will lead by example depending on which age group the teacher in question is dealing with. Because of these factors, presenting oneself in a professional manner is imperative to the success of the teacher and students alike. It is important to understand that each student is different, and the age groups that one is working with have different attitudes and approaches to challenges and learning. The impact of how you present yourself and the information you deliver to your students can be vastly rewarding or gravely detrimental to the classroom environment. It can be easy for a teacher to make his or herself popular to students, but often difficult to balance this with what the curriculum requires and ensuring results the end of term tests/reports. Interaction with a group of students requires a professional standard of behaviour polite, firm and fair would be an easy way to sum this up. Another paramount attribute of a professional teacher is to lead by example in behaviour, dress and manners. Students cannot be expected to act in a calm, professional manner if the teacher they learn from is not observing these standards. In this case, a teacher must be punctual and respectful of those around him/her in order to achieve mutual respect in the classroom. Truthfully, one must be able to present the current subject with confidence and knowledge, granting the students proper fortitude to ask questions. It is important to have knowledge of the subject, but also to portray this knowledge to the students in a way that is easy to understand. To do this, a teacher must employ pedagogical knowledge; this may include a system or mnemonics, examples, demonstrations, metaphors, simulations or models (Eggen Kauchak 2010). With visual aids, subjects gradually become simpler to explain and easier for students, and with this, students become less frustrated and more satisfied with the teacher, and themselves. Module 2 A failure to target the zones of Proximal Development The distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance, or in collaboration with more capable peers (L.S. Vygotsky: Mind in Society p. 86) From this weeks study into this topic I can deduct many times within my experience where I had failed to target this zone, or the same situation had been put upon me. As a voluntary student of a foreign language, I indeed find many conflicting ideas within non-native speakers, also vast amounts of confusion and disarray when speaking/reading and writing. Recently, a few of my friends and I were practicing our language skills, a new friend of mine was a newcomer to this form of study, and was yet to gain a concrete knowledge of the topic. It was in this instance where I had, so to say jumped the gun on the abilities of those around me, being that I have been studying the topic for more than a year. The newcomer, who had just entered the group, seems confused and frustrated, mainly with the shock that her skills which she believed were well-studied were actually lacking in focus and practicality. Through this disarray of confusing mannerisms I had approached the newcomer offering assistance, however, said assistance was not presented in her mother tongue. There were parts of the language she could understand, parts she could build upon and parts she had not covered yet which only resembled meaningless and confusing sounds. Upon reflection, this greatly represents Vygotskys graph (L.S. Vygotsky: Mind in Society) explaining the three specific zones that one can be placed in terms of the subject at the present time. I had given amounts of information to the girl, but not the means to properly use it. A selection of gramma r terms that were far beyond what she had heard before would not assist her in constructing sentences and communicating with those around her. At a later date, this was rectified with more collaboration with her, through this practice and development we have both become more advanced with the topic, pointing out each others mistakes and forming group discussions on how to improve ourselves. Module 3 As a Professional Teacher As a university student in the discipline of teaching it is easy to assume that on the first day of walking into a classroom, the students will consider a new teacher as a new friend. This would be an ideal situation, however for most new teachers; a very neutral response is given from their new students. It is important in this case, to establish a system of behavioural consequence. This means a system of reinforcement and punishment to keep a positive environment (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.168). The reality is that all faculties at one point or another will be faced with situations where discipline will need to be applied, however it is important to understand which degrees of management need to be applied for different situations. There are three degrees of misbehaviour, and each degree requires different action.    The most subtle of these methods is plain punishment, which decreases the likelihood that the incident will occur again (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.168); this can be the event of a student talking in class. The next level is presentation punishment; this is a decrease in behaviour from being given a stimulus. The final level is removal punishment, in which a decrease in behaviour occurs from a stimulus being removed (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.168). Along with understanding these principles, it is critical to know how to apply them effectively, and which methods of ineffective or inappropriate. One degree of these forms is Desists. Desists are non-verbal methods that a teacher uses to stop disruptive behaviour (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.172).  This is appropriate for small disturbances; however this may not be strong enough for a larger disturbance and may require means such as a Timeout. A time out is a method involving removing the student from his or her peers so as the student cannot receive positive reinforcement from others. The final method of this is Detention, which is similar to the previous time out method. While these two are similar, the detention method is typically used more commonly with older students. This method aims to take away the free time of disruptive students by assigning them with after school time (Eggen Kauchak 2010 p.172). Most commonly students will need to sit and do nothing for at least half an ho ur, which for a disruptive student can be very tedious. Therefore, this method is very strong with discouraging the behaviour. Module 5 The Importance of Meaningful Learning. It can be often noted that the motivation and attention span of students can often be hard to grasp and expand upon; this can create many barriers to the learning experience of the student and the teaching experience of the teacher. It is for this reason that educators are constantly examining teaching methods in the aim to create the best environment. Since the birth of education there have been countless psychological theories regarding how information is received, perceived and processed by the learner. One of these many theories the theory of relevance proposed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, this theory suggests that one will search for their own meaning within any form of communication (Sperber, Dan and Deirdre Wilson. 1987). The concept of a real-world task, often called an authentic task is to create an activity for the students which require a similar pattern of thought to that required in a real world setting (Eggen Kauchak, 2010 p.233). This is a useful tool for the teacher to encourage motivation and convey to the students the importance of the topic while preparing for the situation when it occurs out of the classroom environment. A teacher can easily convey the importance of this by remarking upon the studies in previous years that the students had partaken in. For example, a first grade student will learn to read and write, because of the extreme relevance of this task, it is placed as an educational priority for young students. Reading and writing become increasingly important once the students begin new studies, the new skill gained from this education has prepared them for a great variety of real world situations. Meaningful learning occurs within real world tasks because of the relevance and impact on motivation it gives the students. A student drawing meaning and relevance from a task is a critical issue in the retention of knowledge, a strong amount of communication and involvement with students is a highly profitable tool in the aim of increasing knowledge. It is critical to display the information of the task to the students, but equally as important to explain why it needs to be taught. A teacher can easily gather materials to demonstrate real-world tasks, such as creating models, giving examples and preparing presentations. The greatest learning occurs when the students knows that the knowledge is critically important to obtain, for this reason, the most meaningful learning occurs within real-world tasks. Module 6 Motivational Learning. Motivation is at the heart of all learning (Eggen Kauchak, 2010 p.283), it involves goal-directed activity being instigated and sustained (Eggen Kauchak 2010. P.284). To begin to understand motivation, it is important for the learner to ask why the information is meaningful to them. Every teacher wants their students to be motivated, and many mistakenly believe that the content they are teaching while provide motivation the students without any amount of stimulation. While some students are naturally driven learners, others require inspiration from their teachers and peers, students who are internally driven to learn will more often willingly work to improve their skills (Wigfield, A. Et al. 2004. p. 299-309). Some students will be self-determined, and possess an internal motivation to act and control their environment (Eggen Kauchak 2010. P.291), many students with this kind of internal motivation are consciously aware of their academic progress (Schacter, Daniel. 2011. p.340). There are many ways to encourage motivation within the classroom, along with giving rewards to those show motivation and encourage others. Some ways to encourage students include visual methods such as creating models and presentations, the increases the attention span of students. Other methods to increase motivation include, praising students in big and small ways, spreading enthusiasm, creating real-world tasks to raise interest in the subject and involving the students in classroom activities. An open and positive atmosphere is one that all educators should desire to create; this means a democratic and communicative approach to learning. A teacher should call upon students in groups as well as individually and create lesson plans that differ from one another. One can also call upon methods such as incentive theory, in which a reward is presented for a positive action. Another useful method of motivating and empowering students is to hand over a certain extent of responsibility, many primary school have systems that permit older students to pass knowledge onto new and younger students. This system is useful for two factors; the younger student gains knowledge from a peer, rather than a teacher, this makes the student feel comfortable, simultaneously the older student is entrusted with a duty of care and responsibility toward the younger student, this can greatly increase motivation and pride in ones own skills. It is critical to view your students as customers receiving a service, and a certain level of service is expected. As with any service provided, it is important to keep ones customers interested and returning, the social construct of a classroom can be easily related to this. Module 9 The Essential Skills of a Teacher A great teacher needs to be a great person, a great teacher can come in many forms and the style of teaching may not always be strictly academically oriented. A great teacher is one who does not leave a single student behind, one who is not afraid to change the plan of the lesson on short notice and conveys knowledge that is easy to understand while encouraging the joys of learning. A learning environment aims to expand not only knowledge, but social interaction; an important technique is to focus on involving each and every student in an environment of cooperation and social tranquillity. This environment may be difficult to achieve, and the techniques for many are more easily conveyed in text rather than real-world interaction. Because of this fact, faced with great hostility in the beginning, many new teachers must call upon their training and personality to create a classroom of keen young learners. One must be equipped with a set of essential skills from academic and personal backgrounds. Some of these skills include attitudes, organisation, communication, focus, feedback, questioning, review and closure (Eggen Kauchak, 2010 p.400). With these skills, a teacher can organise and motivate a class, inspiring students to further pursue new knowledge and complete previously set goals. Effective communication is the key to any social environment; I believe I possess precise language, connected discourse, transition signals and emphasis to convey a point to an audience. Feedback to students is essential for progress, praise given to individual students helps develop relationships; this must be equally distributed among all students for the greatest effect. A teacher praises a student based on answers they expect to hear at the same level of answered they actually hear (Good Brophy, 2008). It is paramount to communicate and collaborate with students effectively, to this effect one should desire to create what is referred to as a community of learners. This community aims to create a learning environment in which all students and teachers work together for the good of everyone (Eggen Kauchak, 2010, p.228). A good teacher emphasises the importance of sociocultural theory to create further dimensions of learning, this theory suggests that one should place importance on the larger cultural context in which learning occurs (Kozulin, 1998). As a teacher in training, I believe I possess social and enthusiastic skills to create a positive environment, with the further study into this degree I can gain a comprehensive understanding of how to convey raw knowledge to an audience more effectively, I believe through experience and study I can improve these skills. The most difficult skill to acquire and develop is a vast cultural understanding of the different cultures and attitudes faced in todays classrooms. Although these challenges may seem daunting in the beginning, they produce great effects one the goals are accomplished. Eggen, P., Kauchak, D. (2010). Educational psychology: windows on classrooms. New  Ã‚  Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. Good, T. L., Brophy, J. E. (2008). Looking in Classrooms (10th ed.). New York: Pearson. Kozulin, Alex 1998. Psychological Tools: A Sociocultural Approach to Education L.S. Vygotsky: Mind in Society: Development of Higher Psychological Processes Schacter, Daniel. (2011) Psychology. Worth Publishers. Sperber, Dan and Deirdre Wilson. (1987) Prà ©cis of Relevance: Communication and Cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10, 697-754. Wigfield, A., Guthrie, J. T., Tonks, S., Perencevich, K. C. (2004). Childrens motivation for reading: Domain specificity and instructional influences. Journal of Educational Research.